Textile & Fashion World

Experiment name: Study on flat lock sewing machine and production of sample.

Loom Brake System:

Twist direction

 J. C. Penney Company, Inc., commonly known as JCPenney (stylized as jcp and jcpenney) and formerly known as Penneys, is a chain of American mid-range department stores based in Plano, Texas. The company operates 1,107 department stores in all 50 U.S. states and Puerto Rico, and previously operated a catalog business and several discount outlets.[3] In addition to selling conventional merchandise, JCPenney stores often house several leased departments such as Sephora, Seattle's Best Coffee, optical centers, portrait studios, and jewelry repair.
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J. C. Penney Company, Inc., commonly known as JCPenney (stylized as jcp and jcpenney) and formerly known as Penneys, is a chain of American mid-range department stores based in Plano, Texas. The company operates 1,107 department stores in all 50 U.S. states and Puerto Rico, and previously operated a catalog business and several discount outlets.[3] In addition to selling conventional merchandise, JCPenney stores often house several leased departments such as Sephora, Seattle's Best Coffee, optical centers, portrait studios, and jewelry repair.

Most JCPenney stores are located in suburban shopping malls. Before 1966, most of its stores were located in downtown areas. As shopping malls became more popular in the latter half of the 20th century, JCPenney followed the trend by relocating and developing stores to anchor the malls. In more recent years, the chain has continued to follow consumer traffic, echoing the retailing trend of opening some standalone stores, including some next door to competitors. Certain stores are located in power centers. The company has been an Internet retailer since 1998. It has streamlined its catalog and distribution while undergoing renovation improvements at store level.
Contents

    1 History
        1.1 Incorporation
        1.2 1960s
        1.3 1970s
        1.4 1980s
        1.5 1990s
        1.6 2000s
        1.7 2010s
    2 Internet store
    3 Logo
    4 See also
    5 References
    6 External links

History
Incorporation
J.C. Penney mother store in Kemmerer, Wyoming.

James Cash Penney began his career in retail management when he opened The Golden Rule store, a partnership with Guy Johnson and Thomas Callahan, on April 14, 1902 in Kemmerer, Wyoming. He participated in the creation of two more stores, and purchased full interest in all three locations when Callahan and Johnson dissolved their partnership in 1907. In 1909, Penney moved his company headquarters to Salt Lake City, Utah to be closer to banks and railroads. By 1912, Penney had 34 stores in the Rocky Mountain States. In 1913, all stores were consolidated under the J.C. Penney banner. The so-called "mother store", in Kemmerer, opened as the chain's second location in 1904. It still operates, as of 2011, albeit with hours shorter than many of its other store locations.

In 1913, the company was incorporated under the new name, J. C. Penney Company, with William Henry McManus as a co-founder. In 1914, the headquarters was moved to New York City to simplify the buying, financing, and transportation of goods. Around this time, Bert J. Niver joined the company as a junior partner. By 1917, the company operated 175 stores in 22 states in the United States.[4] J. C. Penney acquired The Crescent Corset Company in 1920, the company's first wholly owned subsidiary. In 1922, the company's oldest active private brand, Big Mac work clothes, was launched. The company opened its 500th store in 1924 in Hamilton, Missouri, James Cash Penney's hometown. By the opening of the 1,000th store in 1928, gross business had reached $190,000,000.

In 1940, Sam Walton began working at a J. C. Penney in Des Moines, Iowa. Walton later went on to found future retailer Wal-Mart in 1962.[5] By 1941, J.C. Penney operated 1,600 stores in all 48 states. In 1956, J. C. Penney started national advertising with a series of advertisements in Life magazine. J. C. Penney credit cards were issued and accepted at its stores for the first time in 1959.
1960s

In 1962, J. C. Penney entered discount merchandising with the acquisition of General Merchandise Company which gave them The Treasury stores. These discount operations proved unsuccessful and were shuttered in 1981. In 1963, J. C. Penney issued its first catalog. The company operated in-store catalog desks in eight states. The catalogs were distributed by the Milwaukee Catalog distribution center.

The company dedicated its first full-line, shopping center department store in 1961. This store was located at Black Horse Pike Center, in Audubon, New Jersey. The second full line shopping center store was dedicated, at King of Prussia Plaza, in King of Prussia, Pennsylvania in late 1962. Those stores broadened the lines of merchandise and services that a typical J. C. Penney carried to include appliances, sporting goods, garden merchandise, restaurants, beauty salons, portrait studios, auto parts and auto centers.
The Penney Building in Anchorage in 1964, following the earthquake.

J. C. Penney expanded to include Alaska and Hawaii in the 1960s. The company opened stores in Anchorage and Fairbanks, Alaska in 1962. The Penney Building in Anchorage partially collapsed and was damaged beyond repair in the 1964 Alaska earthquake.[6][7] The company rebuilt the store as a shorter building on a larger footprint, and followed up by building Anchorage's first public parking garage, which opened in 1968.[8] In 1966, J. C. Penney "finished" its national expansion with the opening of its Honolulu, Hawaii store, at Ala Moana Center (all Hawaii stores were closed in 2003). The Penney store at Plaza Las Américas mall in San Juan, Puerto Rico, which opened in 1968, featured three levels and 261,500 square feet (24,290 m2). It was the world's largest J. C. Penney, until a 300,000-square-foot (28,000 m2) store was dedicated at Greater Chicago's Woodfield Mall in 1971. The Woodfield Mall store served as the largest in the chain until a replacement store opened at Plaza Las Américas in 1998, which is 350,000 square feet (33,000 m2) in size.
A J.C. Penney located at the Palm Beach Mall, opened in 1967 located in West Palm Beach, Florida

In 1969, the company acquired Thrift Drug, a chain of drugstores headquartered in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. It also acquired Supermarkets Interstate, an Omaha-based food retailer which operated leased departments in J. C. Penney stores, The Treasury stores, and Thrift Drug stores.
1970s

On February 12, 1971, James Cash Penney died at the age of 95. Out of respect for his death, the company's stores were closed for half a day.[citation needed] That year, the company's revenues reached $5 billion for the first time and catalog business made a profit for the first time.[9]

The first "JCPenney" logo was adopted in the summer of 1970, taking nearly a decade to roll out chainwide.[citation needed]

JCPenney reached its peak number of stores in 1973, with 2,053 stores, 300 of which were full-line establishments.[9] However, the company was hard hit by the 1974 recession with its stock price declining by two-thirds.[9] In 1977, J. C. Penney sold its stores in Italy to La Rinascente and also removed its Supermarkets Interstate leased departments. In 1980, The company closed the Treasury discount stores because they were unprofitable and decided to focus resources on its core retail stores.[9]

In 1978, the J. C. Penney Historic District in Kemmerer, Wyoming, was designated a U.S. National Historic Landmark. In 1979, the Visa card began to be accepted in JCPenney stores. MasterCard was accepted the following year.[9]
1980s
JCPenney in Aventura Mall in Aventura, Florida.
JC Penney was a major online retailer on Viewtron during the 1980s

In 1983, JCPenney phased out its hardware and auto departments, and also sold its auto repair shops to Firestone. Also in 1983, JCPenney began selling online through the Viewtron videotex service. In 1984, JCPenney acquired the First National Bank of Harrington, Delaware and renamed it JCPenney National Bank. With the bank the company became able to issue its own MasterCard and Visa cards. The company also began accepting American Express cards. Also that year, Thrift Drug began co-locating stores with Weis Markets, and acquired many former Pantry Pride properties. In April 1987, the company announced that it was moving its headquarters to Dallas, Texas.[10] After several years of development, the JCPenney Television Shopping Channel appeared on cable systems beginning in 1989.

By the mid-1980s, all JCPenney stores had ceased to sell firearms. Before this point, JCPenney carried several rifles and shotguns branded with the JCPenney brand but manufactured by various established firearms makers.
1990s
JCPenney big-box store in Houston, Texas.

In 1990, the company broke ground with the new corporate headquarters in Plano, Texas. It was completed in 1992. When Sears closed its catalog business in 1993, J. C. Penney became the largest catalog retailer in the United States. In 1996, the company expanded its drug store business with the acquisition of Fay's Drug and Kerr Drug. These acquisitions momentum climaxed with acquisition of the Eckerd chain in November. Fay's, Kerr, and Eckerd merged into J. C. Penney's drug store subsidiary Thrift Drug. Fay's, most Kerr, and Thrift drug stores were re-branded Eckerd in 1997. (Kerr Drug stores in The Carolinas remain branded as such.)[11]

In 1998, JCPenney launched its Internet store, which has since grown into one of the largest apparel and home furnishings retail sites on the Internet. In early 2001, JCPenney closed 44 under-performing stores. On April 14, 2002, JCPenney celebrated 100 years as a retailer. In 2003, the company opened three off-the-mall stores in strip centers. These stores were located in Texas, Minnesota, and Indiana. The new one-level, 94,000 sq ft (8,700 m2) format stores focus on convenience with wider aisles and centralized checkouts.[12]
2000s
JCPenney in the Holiday Village Mall in Great Falls, Montana.

In 2004, the company added 14 more stores and exited the drug store division after 35 years, with the sale of its Eckerd division. In 2005, JCPenney's e-commerce storefront exceeded the one-billion dollar revenue mark for the first time.

In 2007, JCPenney launched the Ambrielle lingerie label, which became their largest private brand launched in the company's history.[13] J. C. Penney also re-introduced cosmetics with the opening of Sephora "stores-within-a-store" inside some J. C. Penney locations. Beginning in 2007 the store slogan changed from "It's All Inside" to "Every Day Matters"; the new slogan and associated ad campaign was launched in television commercials during the 79th Academy Awards in late February 2007.

After JCPenney sold off Eckerd in 2004, the locations that continued to operate as Eckerd (some locations in the Southern U.S. were sold to CVS Corporation) still had JCPenney Catalog Centers inside the stores (which was a carryover from locations that were once Thrift Drug) and also continued to accept JCPenney credit cards. After Rite Aid finalized its acquisition of Eckerd in 2007, the Catalog Centers inside the soon-to-be-converted francois stores permanently closed, although as a result of the acquisition, Rite Aid now accepts JCPenney credit cards, even at Rite Aid locations that existed before the takeover of Eckerd.

In November 2007, the company launched a new public website, JCPenneyBrands.com, which covers the company's private and exclusive brands, and their branding strategy, with a preview of an upcoming product line. In February 2008, the company launched the "American Living" brand, as developed by Ralph Lauren, across several product lines, including Men's, Women's, and Children's Apparel and Shoes, Intimate Apparel, and Home. The launch, which was accompanied by an ad campaign during the 2008 Academy Awards, was the company's largest private brand launch.[14] American Living for infant apparel was launched in July 2008. In the summer of 2008, J. C. Penney also added a new brand to its home collection, "Linden Street." The Linden Street brand features a contemporary lifestyle collection of furniture, domestics, and home decor. Linden Street is sold exclusively in JCPenney stores and through their website. Other new exclusive brands for junior's and young men's were launched in the summer of 2008, including Le Tigre (relaunch), Decree, and Fabulosity, a junior line of clothing by Kimora Lee Simmons.

In June 2008, an ad called "Speed Dressing" emerged ending with the JCPenney logo and slogan "Every Day Matters". The ad won a prize at the Cannes Lions International Advertising Festival. The ad was criticized for seeming to promote teen sex. JCPenney denied that the ad was theirs and their advertising agency Saatchi & Saatchi reported that it had been created by a third party vendor. It was entered in the competition by Epoch Films, who declined to comment.[15][16] Marketing expert John Tantillo advised that the company distance itself from the commercial and also shed the publicity it engendered.[17]

In July 2009, new additions were made to the JCPenney young men's department, including an expansion of their private brand Decree (previously exclusively a juniors clothing line) and the introduction of more skate/surf-oriented clothing, including Rusty, RS by Ryan Sheckler, and 3rd Rail. In August 2009, Albert Gonzalez's defense lawyer announced that JCPenney was a victim of the computer hacker, although JCPenney stated that no customers' credit card information had been stolen.[18] In September 2010, JCPenney had joined Facebook to help promote their "Care, Share, Win" campaign. Since 1999, JCPenney has donated $100 million to after school care. Fans of JCPenney on Facebook can help decide which school will receive the next million dollars.

In 2009, JCPenney reached an agreement with Seattle's Best Coffee to feature full-service cafes within leased departments inside JCPenney stores across the country. Currently, Seattle's Best Coffee are still expanding cafe locations within JCPenney locations across the country.
2010s
A two-story J. C. Penney at Stonebriar Centre in Frisco, Texas opened in 2000.

On January 24, 2011, JCPenney announced it would exit the catalog business and close all 19 of its catalog outlet stores.[19] An additional seven stores, two call center facilities, and one customer decorating facility would also be closed.[19]

On February 12, 2011, The New York Times exposed the use of link schemes, i.e., spamdexing, successfully to promote the JCPenney web site in Google search results by having the company's website come up as the top search results, especially during the holiday season. Doug Pierce, an expert in online search, described the optimization as "the most ambitious attempt to game Google's search results that he has ever seen." Ultimately, Google took retaliatory action and drastically reduced the visibility of JCPenney in searches. Although the retailer denied any involvement, it fired its search engine consulting firm, SearchDex.[20]

In June 2011, JCPenney announced that Ron Johnson will become the company's new CEO.[21] In October 2011, JCPenney sold the 15 remaining catalog outlet stores to SB Capital Group. These stores will remain open then transition to JC's 5 Star Outlets.[22] On December 7, 2011, JCPenney announced the acquisition of 16.6 percent of Martha Stewart Living Omnimedia stock. JCPenney plans to put "mini-Martha Stewart shops" in many of its stores in 2013, as well as starting a website together.[23]

On February 1, 2012, JCPenney began a new pricing method, with "Every Day" prices on most days reflecting what used to be sale prices, "Monthly Value" for certain items every month in place of sales, and "Best Price" the first and third Fridays of each month, tied to paydays.[24][25] Prices would also not end in 9 or 7, instead using whole figures when pricing items.[26] The changes in the stores include a focus on the mini-stores such as those for Martha Stewart products.

Ellen DeGeneres, a former JCPenney employee, becomes the chain's spokesperson in a tour and advertising campaign in Spring 2012.[27] The advertising campaign received backlash from One Million Moms – an arm of the conservative American Family Association – which stated, "Funny that JC Penney thinks hiring an open homosexual spokesperson will help their business when most of their customers are traditional families." JCPenney later issued a statement reassuring that they stood behind DeGeneres as their spokeswoman.

In April 2012, the company announced plans to trim its workforce, laying off nearly 13% of its home office staff in Dallas, and closing a call center in Pittsburgh. Many managers, supervisors and long-time employees were let go on April 30, 2012, due to "simplified practices" that no longer needed as much oversight.[citation needed] In June 2012, the company announced that Michael Francis, the company's president, was leaving the company, after only eight months on the job, effective immediately.[28] In July 2012, the company announced that it was laying off 350 more workers at its headquarters.[29]

In August 2012, JCPenney began rolling out a Shops strategy in stores. The shops are described as stores-within-a-store, planning to eventually roll out 100 shops in 683 stores. The first shops include Levi's, The Original Arizona Jean Co. and i jeans by Buffalo.[30] That month, the company posted a second quarter comparable-store loss of 22%, with internet sales dropping 33%. At an analyst meeting in New York the same day, CEO Ron Johnson said, "I’m completely convinced that our transformation is on track." JCPenney's stock rose 5.9% on Johnson's comments at the analyst meeting, the largest single-day stock increase since late January 2012.[31] The "secret" prototype store is located on the 3rd floor of the store at Valley View Center in Dallas, which has been closed to the public.

Fourth quarter sales for JCPenney, in 2012, were poor. Sales were off 28.4% from a year earlier, same store sales were down 32%. Strategic choices made by CEO Ron Johnson a year earlier, including the change in pricing strategy, were being called into question.[32]
Internet store

In 1998, JCPenney launched its Internet store, which has since grown into one of the largest apparel and home furnishings retail sites on the Internet.[12] The JCPenney store currently ships products to the following countries/regions:[33]

Americas

     Antigua and Barbuda
     Argentina
     Aruba
     Barbados
     Bermuda
     Brazil
     Canada
     Chile
     Colombia
     Costa Rica
     Dominica
     Dominican Republic
     Ecuador
     El Salvador
     Grenada
     Guatemala
     Honduras
     Jamaica
     Martinique
     Mexico
     Montserrat
     Nicaragua
     Panama
     Paraguay
     Peru
     Saint Kitts and Nevis
     Saint Lucia
     Trinidad and Tobago
     Turks and Caicos Islands
     United States

   

Europe

     Austria
     Belgium
     Belize
     Bolivia
     Bulgaria
     Cayman Islands
     Denmark
     Estonia
     Finland
     France
     French Guiana
     Germany
     Gibraltar
     Greece
     Guadeloupe
     Guernsey
     Iceland
     Ireland
     Italy
     Jersey
     Latvia
     Liechtenstein
     Lithuania
     Luxembourg
     Malta
     Monaco
     Netherlands
     Norway
     Portugal
     Reunion
     Romania
     Russian Federation
     Slovakia
     Slovenia
     Spain
     Sweden
     Switzerland
     United Kingdom

   

Asia-Pacific

     Bangladesh
     Brunei
     Cambodia
     India
     Macau
     Maldives
     Pakistan
     Sri Lanka

Africa

     South Africa

Middle East

     Cyprus
     Israel
     Turkey

</span>

The number of machines arranged in a line on series to perform all the function to form a uniform lap form cotton bale is called blow room line.

There are different types of conventional blow room line. It differs manufacturer to manufacturer. For example a typical blow room lines as follows:

• opening 
• cleaning 
• mixing or blending 
• microdust removal 
• uniform feed to the carding machine 
• Recycling the waste 

• thickness of the feed web 
• density of the feed web 
• fibre coherence 
• fibre alignment 
• size of the flocks in the feed (flock size may be same but density is different) 
• the type of opening device 
• speed of the opening device 
• degree of penetration 
• type of feed (loose or clamped) 
• distance between feed and opening device 
• type of opening device 
• type of clothing 
• point density of clothing 
• arrangement of pins, needles, teeth 
• speeds of the opening devices 
• throughput speed of material 
• type of grid bars 
• area of the grid surface 
• grid settings 
• airflow through the grid 
• condition of pre-opening 
• quantity of material processed, 
• position of the machine in the machine sequence 
• feeding quantity variation to the beater 
• ambient R.H.% 
• ambient teperature 

Experiment name: Study on the gearing diagram and calculation of flyer speed, spindle & front roller delivery of the speed frame.

American Eagle Outfitters is an American clothing and accessories retailer, headquartered in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. It was founded in 1977 by brothers Jerry and Mark Silverman as a subsidiary of Retail Ventures, Inc., a company which also owned and operated Silverman's Menswear. The Silvermans sold their ownership interests in 1991 to Jacob Price of Knoxville, Tennessee.[2] American eagle is the parent company of Aerie and formerly of 77 kids. [1]

The brand targets 15- to 25-year-old males and females, with 911 American Eagle Outfitters stores and 158 aerie stand-alone stores.[1] In 1977, the first American Eagle store opens in Twelve Oaks Mall in Novi, MI as the destination for the great outdoors.[3]

Some of the brand's more popular products are low-rise jeans, polo shirts, graphic T-shirts, henley shirts, boxers and briefs, outerwear, and swimwear.[4]
Contents

    1 Development
    2 Corporate and headquarters
        2.1 Staffing Partnership
        2.2 Franchise Agreement
    3 Stores and other brands
        3.1 aerie
        3.2 Martin + Osa
        3.3 77kids
    4 International Expansion
    5 Controversies
        5.1 Strike
        5.2 Abercrombie & Fitch lawsuits
    6 References
    7 External links

Development
American Eagle Outfitters, Green Oak Village Place

When the Silvermans first opened an American Eagle Outfitters store in 1977, they were looking to diversify their Fashion|menswear business. Stores were set up in shopping malls and a catalog was established. The chain grew for much of the 1980s. In 1989, the owners decided to refocus their business on American Eagle Outfitters, selling their other retail chains. At that time, there were 137 American Eagle Outfitters stores including 37 in the United States.

Despite the plans for quick growth after the reorganization, American Eagle Outfitters opened only 16 new stores by 1991 and the company was losing money. At this point, the Schottensteins, who had been 50% owners of the chain since 1980, bought out the founding Silverman family's interest. This change in leadership resulted in American Eagle finding its present niche: casual clothing for men and women selling private label clothes. AE opened the first Canadian store in 2001.[citation needed]

When the company began trading on the NASDAQ stock exchange in the second quarter of 1994, it had 167 stores and a healthy cash flow. With the cash infusion from the IPO, the company opened more than 90 new stores within the next year. Several new executives joined the company in 1995 and '96, leading to another change in the target demographic. The company now wanted to reach more women and focus on people between the ages of 18 and 32.[citation needed] The strategy worked[citation needed], and over the next five years, revenues quintupled to $1 billion by 2000.[2] As of January 28, 2012, American Eagle operated 911 American Eagle Outfitters stores, 158 aerie stand-alone stores and 21 77kids stores. The company also had 21 franchised stores operated by franchise partners in 10 countries.[1]
Corporate and headquarters

In mid-2007, American Eagle Outfitters moved its headquarters from Warrendale, Pennsylvania to a more urban location at the SouthSide Works complex in Pittsburgh. The cost of the buildings and adjacent property was approximately $21 million (excluding interior finishing and additional construction costs). The addresses of the buildings are "19 Hot Metal Street" and "77 Hot Metal Street", with the numbers symbolizing the first store opening in 1977. The facilities of the Southside Works Campus include a Private Garage, a Lab Store for each brand, Photo Studio and in-house Cafeteria. Other offices are located in NYC (Design and Production).[5]
Staffing Partnership

In June 2008, the company signed an exclusive staffing agreement with JBCStyle, a leading fashion & retail recruiting agency with offices in New York City, Los Angeles & San Francisco. This agreement encompassed all of American Eagle Outfitters' freelance staffing needs in New York City as well as any outsourced permanent search. The company has continued to grow this partnership and has opted to engage JBCStyle's sister Company Jonathan Beth Consultants to manage payroll for all corporate hourly employees. American Eagle Outfitters has renewed its agreement with JBCStyle for two subsequent years.
Franchise Agreement

In June 2009, the company signed the franchisee agreement with M. H. Alshaya, one of the leading retailers of the Middle East.[6] The agreement will see the introduction of the first stores outside the North American market, with the first two opening in Dubai and Kuwait on March 16 and March 25, 2010, respectively and a store opening on October 15, 2011 in Kaslik near Beirut, Lebanon.
Stores and other brands

Items are placed on white wooden shelving, tables, or clothes racks. The clothes in high volume stores are hung on wooden hangers, and lower volume stores have basic black hangers. There are also usually sofas/chairs in the back of the store, usually along with a flat screen television. The floors are typically wood or concrete. The theme and displays change based on seasonal lines and promotions. Music is played at a quiet volume to cater to older people.

In addition to its namesake brand, the company has developed and announced plans for several new brand and concept initiatives poised to drive new growth as the brand nears saturation in current markets.[citation needed]
aerie
The aerie logo.

In February 2006, American Eagle launched the aerie lingerie sub-brand, targeting the American 15- to 21-year-old female demographic segment.[7] In addition to lingerie such as a wide variety of bras and other undergarments, the aerie line also sells dormwear, active apparel, loungewear, accessories and sleepwear. What started as a sub-brand quickly became a standalone concept in its own right, featuring a complete fitness line, called aerie f.i.t. The aerie brand is sold in American Eagle Outfitters stores, on-line through the American Eagle Web site, and in stand-alone aerie retail stores. The first stand-alone aerie store opened in August 2006 in Greenville, S.C.[8] and was followed by two more test stores later that year. As of December 2010, there are currently 147 stand-alone aerie stores in the United States and in Canada.[9]
Martin + Osa

The company's second stand-alone lifestyle concept, launched in the fall of 2006 and targeted men and women from 28 to 40 years of age.[10] It featured cashmere sweaters and casual clothing for an older target audience. They also sold products by Fred Perry, Ray-Ban, Adidas, Onitsuka Tiger, and HOBO International. In March 2010, management announced that all 28 Martin + Osa stores be closed, after a failed attempt at success in retail markets, causing AEO, Inc. to lose up to $44 million.[11][12]
77kids

In October 2008, American Eagle released and launched 77kids, a line of clothing aimed at children from two to ten years of age.[13] Initially, an on-line concept only, AEO opened its first 77kids store on July 15, 2010, in the The Mall at Robinson in Pittsburgh, PA,[14] and eight others followed that year. Expansion continued in Fiscal Year 2011.

American Eagle Outfitters announced in May 15, 2012 that they would sell or will close all 22 of the 77kids stores by the end of their second quarter (July 2012).[15] Robert Hanson, who became the new CEO in January 2012, said 77kids had a loss after taxes of roughly $24 million on sales of $40 million in the 2011 fiscal year, which ended Jan. 28 2012. On August 3, 2012, American Eagle Outfitters completed the sale of its 77kids to Ezrani 2 Corp, a company formed by Ezra Dabah, the former Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of The Children's Place. [16] Ezrani 2 renamed the stors to "Ruum" in 2013.[citation needed]
International Expansion

American Eagle first opened an International Store in Canada in 2000. In 2003, AE opened the first store outside North America Store in San Juan, Puerto Rico. In 2010, AEO crossed the Atlantic Ocean to open stores in Kuwait, Riyadh, and Dubai. A store in Kaslik near Beirut, Lebanon, was opened on October 15, 2011. A store in Cairo, Egypt, opened in late 2011. In September 2011, there was the openings of two stores in Moscow, Russia. Its first store in Jordan opened in November 2011 in the brand-new Taj Mall. Its first store in Tokyo, Japan, opened in April 18, 2012. The first store in Tel Aviv, Israel, opened in February 2012,[17] after the Israeli-based clothing retailer FOX, signed a contract with AEO. Currently, there are also stores in Beijing, Shanghai, and Hong-Kong, as well as in Warsaw, Poland..[18]

American Eagle is also slated to open stores in Mexico. The first one opened at Mexico City on Fashion Mall Perisur on February 20th 2013, and the next one will open at Guadalajara later this year on Fashion Mall Galerías Guadalajara. [19]
Controversies
Strike

In 2007, textile and apparel workers union UNITE HERE launched the "American Vulture" back-to-school boycott of American Eagle[20] in protest of alleged workers' rights violations at the company's Canadian distribution contractor National Logistics Services (NLS). On the 2007 second-quarter conference call,[21] CEO James O'Donnell clarified the American Eagle's relationship with NLS and its effect on business. He explained,
“     We owned NLS with the acquisition of Braemar back in 2000 and we subsequently sold off NLS in 2006, and we are currently a customer of NLS... We have really no involvement at all with Unite Here and NLS. Our only involvement with NLS is basically as a customer and there have been some allegations made I think to some of, to the public about it affecting our business. I can tell you right now it has not affected our business.     ”
Abercrombie & Fitch lawsuits

Since 1999, Abercrombie & Fitch has sued American Eagle Outfitters at least three times for allegedly copying its designs and its advertisements. On all occasions, American Eagle prevailed in court under the statement that A&F cannot stop American Eagle from presenting similar designs, since such designs cannot be copyrighted in the United States. Nevertheless, American Eagle clothing designs have since trended away in appearance from Abercrombie & Fitch designs. The merchandise offered by American Eagle is considered to be "retro/vintage" cost-efficient clothing, whereas Abercrombie & Fitch merchandise has become an internationally known "near-luxury" line of clothing with "preppy", high-grade, and high-priced fashions, on the same level with that of companies such as the Polo Ralph Lauren company.[22] Judges have generally ruled that giving Abercrombie exclusive rights to market its clothing in a certain way "would be anti-competitive."[23]