5 June 2012
Manufacturing Process of Jute Yarn
Manufacturing Process of Jute Yarn:
Selection of Raw Jute:
Spinning:
Raw Jute:
Raw jute in the form of bales are processed in jute mills to produce hessian, sacking, jute yarn,
bags, and other useful products. Raw jute bales from jute fields or
suppliers, carried by trucks are unloaded are stacked in the jute mills
gowdown.
 |
| Raw Jute fiber |
In
the selection process, raw jute bales are opened to find out any defect
and to remove the defective portion from the mora by experienced
workers. Raw jute bales are of two types i.e. 150 kg weight and 180 kg
weight with or without top portion cutting. The bales are assorted
according to end use like Hessiean weft, Sacking wrap, Sacking weft etc.
After selection, jute bales are carried to softning section by workers
called Gariwala and Bajawala.
Softning Process Jute:
In
softning process jute morahs are made soft and pileable. Two methods
are used for softning; use of softening machine and use of jute good
spreader. Generally an emulsion plant with jute softner machine is used
to lubricate and soften the bark and gummy raw jute. The emulsion plant
consists of gear pump, motor, vat, jet sprayer, nozzles, emulsion tank
and the jacket. In this softning process jute becomes soft and pileable
and suitable for carding.
Carding:
Carding:
Carding
is a combining operation where jute reeds are splitted and extraneous
matters are removed. Jute fibres are formed into ribbon called "sliver".
There are three different carding sections:
(i)Breaker carding
(ii)Inner carding
(iii)Finisher carding
In the Breaker carding machine soften jute after piling is feed by hand in suitable weight. The machine by action with different rollers turns out raw jute in the form of jute sliver for finisher carding. In this process root cutting is necessary before feeding the material to the hand feed breaker carding machine.
Finisher carding machine make the sliver more uniform and regular in length and weight obtained from the Breaker carding machine.
Finisher carding machine is identical to the Breaker carding machine, having more pair of rollers, staves, pinning arrangement and speed.
Nearly 4 to 12 slivers obtained from Breaker carding machine is fed on this machine.
The material thus obtained is send to drawing section.
Drawing:
(i)Breaker carding
(ii)Inner carding
(iii)Finisher carding
In the Breaker carding machine soften jute after piling is feed by hand in suitable weight. The machine by action with different rollers turns out raw jute in the form of jute sliver for finisher carding. In this process root cutting is necessary before feeding the material to the hand feed breaker carding machine.
Finisher carding machine make the sliver more uniform and regular in length and weight obtained from the Breaker carding machine.
Finisher carding machine is identical to the Breaker carding machine, having more pair of rollers, staves, pinning arrangement and speed.
Nearly 4 to 12 slivers obtained from Breaker carding machine is fed on this machine.
The material thus obtained is send to drawing section.
Drawing:
Drawing
is a process for reducing sliver width and thickness by simultaneously
mixing 4 to 6 sliver together. There are three types of Drawing Frame
machine. In most mills 3 Drawing passages are used in Hessian and 2
Drawing passages are used in Sacking.
The slivers obtained from finisher carding machine is fed with four slivers on to the first drawing frame machine. The first drawing frame machines makes blending, equalizing the sliver and doubling two or more slivers, level and provide quality and color. This machines includes delivery roller, pressing roller, retaining roller, faller screw sliders, check spring, back spring, crimpling box etc..
In second drawing, the Second Drawing Frame machine obtain the sliver from the First drawing machine and use six slivers and deliveries per head. The Second Drawing machine makes more uniform sliver and reduce the jute into a suitable size for third drawing.
In the third drawing, the Third Drawing frame machine uses the sliver from second drawing. The Third Drawing machine is of high speed makes the sliver more crimpled and suitable for spinning. The comparison of the three drawing process:
The slivers obtained from finisher carding machine is fed with four slivers on to the first drawing frame machine. The first drawing frame machines makes blending, equalizing the sliver and doubling two or more slivers, level and provide quality and color. This machines includes delivery roller, pressing roller, retaining roller, faller screw sliders, check spring, back spring, crimpling box etc..
In second drawing, the Second Drawing Frame machine obtain the sliver from the First drawing machine and use six slivers and deliveries per head. The Second Drawing machine makes more uniform sliver and reduce the jute into a suitable size for third drawing.
In the third drawing, the Third Drawing frame machine uses the sliver from second drawing. The Third Drawing machine is of high speed makes the sliver more crimpled and suitable for spinning. The comparison of the three drawing process:
Drawing Process
|
Efficiency Range(%)
|
Productivity Mt/mc/shift
|
1st Drawing
|
55 - 73
|
1.75 – 2.2
|
2nd Drawing
|
64 - 74
|
1.62 – 1.9
|
3rd Drawing
|
67 - 70
|
1.31 – 1.4
|
Spinning:
Spinning is the process for producing yarn from sliver obtained from Third drawing. The jute spinning frame machine is fitted with slip draft zone and capable of producing quality
yarns at high efficiency with auto-dofting arrangements also.
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