Textile & Fashion World

There are hundred types of name of fabric. As a textile engineering student, you should know some commercial name of fabric. Some commercial names of fabric are given below:

Bedford Cord 

A cord cotton-like fabric with raised ridges in the lengthwise direction. Since the fabric has a high strength and a high durability, it is often used for upholstery and work clothes.

Brushed Cotton 

A raised fabric produced by brushing, teazling or rubbing i.e. the fabric in open width is passed over roller covered in teazles(usually for wool) or fine wires to pull out the surface fibers to give the required effect.  Brushed jersey/fleece usually for sports use with a brushed back.

Cambric 

A light weight closely woven plain fabric usually stiffened. (74 g/m2)

Canvas 

A fabric made from cotton, hemp, flax, or jute, for 200 to 2000 g/m2. Covers cloths with a great variety of uses but salient features being strength and firmness.

Denim 

Traditionally a 3/1 warp-faced twill fabric made from yarn dyed warp and undyed weft typically 270 g/m2. True denim is a twill weave cotton-like fabric made with different colored yarns in the warp and the weft. Due to the twill construction, one color predominates on the fabric surface.

Double Cloth 

A fabric construction, in which two fabrics are woven on the loom at the same time, one on top of the other. In the weaving process, the two layers of woven fabric are held together using binder threads. The woven patterns in each layer of fabric can be similar or completely different.

Double Knit 

A weft knit fabric in which two layers of loops are formed that cannot be separated. A double knit machine, which has two complete sets of needles, is required for this construction.

Double Weave 

A woven fabric construction made by interlacing two or more sets of warp yarns with two or more sets of filling yarns. The most common double weave fabrics are made using a total of either four or five sets of yarns.

Duck 

A tightly woven, heavy, plain weave, bottom-weight fabric with a hard, durable finishes. The fabric is usually made of cotton, and is widely used in men's and women's slacks, and children's play clothes.

Flannel 

A medium-weight, plain or twill weave fabric that is typically made from cotton, a cotton blend, or wool. The fabric has a very soft hand, brushed on both sides to lift the fiber ends out of the base fabric and create a soft, fuzzy surface. End-uses include shirts and pajamas.

Gabardine 

A tightly woven, twilled, worsted fabric with a slight diagonal line on the right side. Wool gabardine is known as a year-round fabric for business suiting. Polyester, cotton, rayon, and various blends are also used in making gabardine.

Lace 

Fine openwork fabric with a ground of mesh or net made by looping twisting or knitting on which pattern may be worked - crocheting, tatting, embroidery, weaving or knitting.

Lawn 

A light, fine cloth made using carded or combed linen or cotton yarns. The fabric has a crease-resistant, crisp finish. Linen lawn is synonymous with handkerchief linen. Cotton lawn is a similar type of fabric, which can be white, solid colored, or printed.

Madras 

A lightweight plain weave cotton fabric with a striped, plaid, or checked pattern. True madras will bleed when washed. This type of fabric is usually imported from India. End-uses are men's and women's shirts and dresses.

Muslin 

An inexpensive, medium weight, plain weave, low count (less than 160 threads per square inch) cotton sheeting fabric. In its unfinished form, it is commonly used in fashion design to make trial garments for preliminary fit. A light weight plain open weave bleached and died (not exceeding 68 g/m2).

Net 

An open mesh fabric in which a firm structure formed by twisting interlocking or knitting.

Organdy 

A stiffened, sheer, lightweight plain weave fabric, with a medium to high yarn count. End-uses include blouses, dresses, and curtains/draperies.

Oxford 

A plain weave of good quality having two warp ends weaving as one often striped with fancy weave effects. A fine, soft, lightweight woven cotton or blended with manufactured fibers in a 2 x 1 basket weave variation of the plain weave construction. The fabric is used primarily in shirtings.

Pique (woven)

A fabric showing rounded cords in the weft direction with pronounced sunken lines between. Weave on the face of the cord plain with warp floats the width of the cords on the back. Wadding picks are used to accentuate the prominence of the cords.

Poplin 

A plain weave cotton type fabric with weft way ribs and high warp sett. The construction is characterized by having a slight ridge effect in one direction, usually the filling. Poplin used to be associated with casual clothing, but as the "world of work" has become more relaxed, this fabric has developed into a staple of men's wardrobes, being used frequently in casual trousers.

Sailcloth 

It is originally tightly woven cotton or linen canvas (now made from nylon or polyester for actual sails).

Sateen 

A weft faced fabric in which the binding places are arranged to produce a smooth fabric and avoid twills fabric. A fabric made from yarns with low luster, such as cotton or other staple length fibers. The fabric has a soft, smooth hand and a gentle, subtle luster. Sateen fabrics are often used for draperies and upholstery.

Satin 

A warp faced weave in which the binding places are arranged to produce a smooth fabric and avoid twills. Satin is a traditional fabric for evening and wedding garments. Typical examples of satin weave fabrics include: slipper satin, crepe-back satin, faille satin, bridal satin, moleskin, and antique satin.

Taffeta 

A lustrous, medium weight, plain weave fabric with a slight ribbed appearance in the filling (crosswise) direction. For formal wear, taffeta is a favorite choice. It provides a crisp hand, with lots of body.

Velvet 

A medium weight cut-pile constructed fabric in which the cut pile stands up very straight. It is woven using two sets of warp yarns; the extra set creates the pile. Velvet, a luxurious fabric, is commonly made with a filament fiber for high luster and smooth hand.